QCD for Design and Projects Part 2

Hello, this is Kamii from the production department.

This is the eighth installment of the "Professional Manager School" series.
In the previous article, "QCD in Design and Projects Part 1," we talked about the design process using the construction industry as an example.

Construction work involves huge costs for procuring materials and preparing facilities, so the design process was carried out in three major stages (basic planning, basic design, and detailed design) to refine the plan.

The theme of the eighth issue is " QCD in Design and Projects, Part 2. " I will continue to talk about the importance of basic design and points to keep in mind, using the construction industry as an example.

*QCD is an acronym for "Quality," "Cost," and "Delivery." These are three important evaluation axes for quantifying and understanding project requirements.

Introduction

As we discussed last time, the basic design process involves drafting and deciding on the optimal design proposal based on the policies established in the master plan, taking into account various perspectives such as structure, constructability, economy, environmental friendliness, and design.

Design drawings created during basic design (example)
- Location map (diagram showing the project scope)
・Overall layout diagram, longitudinal section diagram (layout plan of the entire project area, etc.)
・Standard cross-sectional view (standard cross-sectional view for the adopted structure and construction method)
・Design drawings and general drawings (standard floor plans, elevations, etc. for the adopted design, structure, and construction method)
・Quantity statement required for calculating estimated public expenses

In the basic design stage, we consider and decide on the specifications, conditions, costs, and construction time required to construct the planned facility. It is particularly important to decide on the design of the facility or space you want to create.

Decide what kind of place you want to create

In the process of planning and considering the design, we sometimes use image perspectives, models, CG, etc. This process of turning "the kind of place we want to create" into reality is the most enjoyable and passionate process of the entire project, from planning to construction.

In parallel with the design review, we also verify the structure, manufacturing methods, and construction methods.
The necessary costs are calculated by determining the shape, material, structure, manufacturing method, and construction method.

Examples of promenade development

CG study example

Projects such as the construction of promenades have a vision of "I want this space to be like this!" and to realize this vision, members from various fields, such as urban planning experts, exterior designers, and architectural, civil engineering, and facility designers, pool their skills.

However, if we focus only on that, the project will not come to fruition.
Another important point in the basic design stage is to determine the "scope" and "boundaries."

Deciding “where to go”

During the basic design process, design drawings such as a location map and overall layout plan are created to determine the scope and boundaries of the project.

1. Define the scope

The location map shows the scope of the project, i.e., what needs to be developed in this project. If it is a promenade or other street development, the area to be constructed will be determined.

The overall layout diagram will show the areas that will be given priority for maintenance.
Business budgets are not infinite, so you need to decide where to spend your money.

In conjunction with the layout plan for key development projects, standard specifications will be determined for the entire project area.

・Priority areas: Designed stone paving (unit price: 50,000 yen/m2)
・Sidewalks (standard): Stone paving according to standards (unit price: 15,000 yen/m2)
・Road (standard): Asphalt pavement (unit price: 5,000 yen/m2)

By determining the specifications and scope, it becomes possible to calculate the total construction cost.

[Left] Designed stone paving (example: 50,000 yen/m2)
[Center] Standard stone paving (example: 15,000 yen/m2)
[Right] Asphalt pavement (example: 5,000 yen/m2)

2. Set boundaries

Once the scope is determined, the contours become clear.
This outline is the "boundary" with adjacent public roads and private land.

For example, blocks are laid to indicate the boundary between the walkway and private land. Curb blocks are also required at the boundary with the roadway.
To construct a 500-metre long promenade, construction work on laying concrete blocks over a total length of approximately 2km will be required.

[Left] Laying boundary blocks (standard concrete)
[Right] Stone materials are sometimes used on the border with private land (naturally, this is expensive).

The preliminary design involves setting out the vision for the place we want to create and determining what needs to be accomplished throughout the entire plan.
Thinking about what you want to achieve (required specifications: quality) can be fun and engrossing. On the other hand, you need to understand the entire plan, including the cost and delivery period required for construction.
It is a process that requires combining the ability to propose a vision and the ability to coordinate the entire plan.

Over the past two articles, we have talked about the design process in the construction industry.

From next time, I would like to return to the topic of website production and web system development, which is involved with Monosus, a web production company.
See you next month.